Asymmetric, Pluralistic or Distinctive? Secularism in India and Malaysia within Comparative Perspective

Authors : Tuğçe Yıldız

Pages : 11-20

Doi:10.47899/ijss.1452785

View : 47 | Download : 107

Publication Date : 2024-08-09

Article Type : Research Paper

Abstract :This article explores the nuanced and complex nature of secularism in India and Malaysia, challenging the notion of a fixed, universal definition. It examines how these countries, despite their diverse religious landscapes, have adopted distinct approaches to secular governance. In India, secularism is seen as a principle of impartiality in religious matters, reflected in the Constitution\'s provisions for religious freedom and equality. However, the article also delves into the challenges and contradictions within Indian secularism, such as the Shah Bano case, which revealed tensions between religious personal laws and secular principles. On the other hand, Malaysia\'s approach to secularism is markedly different, with Islam being declared the supreme religion and influencing state laws and institutions. Despite this, Malaysia\'s constitution is secular, and the article discusses how the country navigates between Islamic and secular governance, as seen in legal interpretations and the dual legal system. Overall, the article argues for a reevaluation of secularism, proposing a framework that considers the diversity of secular practices globally and evaluates them based on principles of religious freedom, equality, and tolerance.
Keywords : laiklik, Hindistan, Malezya, devlet, din